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[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio Simões, Marcus V. Correia, Edileide de Barros Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G. Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco Mathias-Junior, Wilson Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo Ramires, Felix José Alvarez Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins Montera, Marcelo Westerlund Lopes, Renato Delascio Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares Scolari, Fernando L. Avila, Walkiria Samuel Canesin, Manoel Fernandes Bacal, Fernando Bocchi, Edimar Alcides Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski Saad, Eduardo Benchimol Scanavacca, Mauricio I. Valdigem, Bruno Pereira Cano , Manuel Nicolas Abizaid , Alexandre Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar Jatene, Fabio Biscegli Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro Beck-da-Silva, Luis Rohde, Luis Eduardo P. Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise Pereira, Alexandre Krieger, José Eduardo Villacorta, Humberto Martins, Wolney de Andrade Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de Cardoso , Juliano Novaes Pastore, Carlos Alberto Jatene, Ieda Biscegli Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri Hotta, Viviane Tiemi Romano, Minna Moreira Dias Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão Brito, Fabio Sandoli de Caramelli , Bruno Calderaro, Daniela Farsky, Pedro Silvio Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos Danzmann, Luiz Claudio Barberato , Silvio Henrique Mady, Charles Martinelli-Filho, Martino Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub Schmidt, Andre Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira Sposito, Andrei C. Brito, Flavio de Souza Biolo, Andreia Madrini-Junior, Vagner Rizk, Stéphanie Itala Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

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Data de publicação: 2024-04-08

Resumo: Pt Es En

A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE.   Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8394

COVID-19 Infection Changes the Functions and Morphology of Erythrocytes: A Multidisciplinary Study
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Sales, Marcos V. S.

; Tanabe, Eloiza L. L.

; Maciel, Thamilla M. S.

; Tavares, Maria C.

; Leal, Juliana G. C.

; Pinto, Larissa S.

; Pires, Keyla S. N.

; Coelho, Jorge A. P. M.

; Silva, Elaine C. O.

; Souza, Samuel T.

; Fonseca, Eduardo J. S.

; Fragoso, Thiago S.

; Aquino, Thiago M.

; Borbely, Alexandre U.

; Rocha, Ueslen

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Leite, Ana Catarina R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2023, Volume 34 Nº 8 Páginas 1185 - 1196

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230031

Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment
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Silva, Thieres G. F. da

; Jardim, Alexandre M. da R. F.

; Diniz, Wellington J. da S.

; Souza, Luciana S. B. de

; Araújo Júnior, George do N.

; Silva, Gabriel Í. N. da

; Alves, Cleber P.

; Souza, Carlos A. A. de

; Morais, José E. F. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Fev 2023, Volume 27 Nº 2 Páginas 132 - 139

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso da irrigação desempenha papel fundamental no avanço das fronteiras agrícolas e no aumento da produtividade nas áreas de cultivo, principalmente em ambientes semiáridos que apresentam alta variação espaço-temporal de chuvas. Essa prática é sugerida até mesmo para cultivos adaptados como palma forrageira (Opuntia sp.) e sorgo (Sorghum bicolor). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a rentabilidade do uso da irrigação no sistema solteiro e sistema consorciado palma-sorgo no semiárido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 × 3: cinco lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência - ET0) e três sistemas de cultivo (palma forrageira solteira, sorgo solteiro e consórcio palma-sorgo), com quatro repetições. O tratamento 0% ET0 correspondeu à condição de sequeiro com uma lâmina de 355 mm. Foi conduzido um ciclo de palma e dois de sorgo (planta e rebrota) compreendidos de novembro 2014 a novembro de 2015. Verificou-se que os maiores custos para implantação dos sistemas de cultivo em condições irrigadas se devem à aquisição do sistema de irrigação e insumos, representando 85,3% do custo operacional efetivo. O sistema sorgo solteiro e o sistema palma forrageira-sorgo proporcionaram as maiores produtividades de matéria fresca (62.013,05 e 60.075,36 kg ha-1), respectivamente. Com base em indicadores econômicos, a adoção de lâminas de irrigação (25, 50, 75 e 100% ET0) promoveu lucros para os sistemas (solteiro e consorciado) a partir do segundo ano de implantação.

ABSTRACT Irrigation plays a fundamental role in advancing agricultural frontiers and increasing crop productivity, especially in semi-arid environments, because they exhibit high spatiotemporal rainfall variation. This practice is suggested even for adapted crops, such as forage cactus (Opuntia sp.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and single or intercropping systems. In this study, aimed to evaluate the profitability of using irrigation in a single and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system in a semi-arid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement: five drip irrigation depths (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ET0) and three cropping systems (single forage cactus, single sorghum, and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum), with four replicates. The 0% ET0 treatment corresponded to rainfed conditions at a depth of 355 mm. A cycle of forage cactus and two sorghum cultivars (plant and regrowth) was conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. It was verified that the highest costs for implantation of the crop systems in irrigated conditions are due to the acquisition of irrigation and input systems, representing 85.3% of the effective operational cost. The single sorghum and forage cactus-sorghum systems provided the highest fresh matter productivity (62,013.05 and 60,075.36 kg ha-1, respectively). Based on economic indicators, the adoption of irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, and 100% ET0) promoted profits for the systems (single and intercropping) from the second year of implementation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p132-139

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Use of machine learning as a tool for determining fire management units in the brazilian atlantic forest
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JUVANHOL, RONIE S.

; FIEDLER, NILTON CESAR

; SANTOS, ALEXANDRE R. DOS

; PELUZIO, TELMA M.O.

; SILVA, WELLINGTON B. DA

; PINHEIRO, CHRISTIANO JORGE G.

; SOUSA, HELBECY CRISTINO P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 2 elocation e20201039

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Geoprocessing techniques are generally applied in natural disaster risk management due to their ability to integrate and visualize different sets of geographic data. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of classification and regression tree (CART) to assess fire risk. MCD45A1 product of the burnt area, relative to a 16-year period (2000-2015) was used to obtain a fire occurrence map, from center points of the raster, using a kernel density approach. The resulting map was then used as a response variable for CART analysis with fire influence variables used as predictors. A total of 12 predictors were determined from several databases, including environmental, physical, and socioeconomic aspects. Rules generated by the regression process allowed to of define different risk levels, expressed in 35 management units, and used to produce a fire prediction map. Results of the regression process (r = 0.94 and r² = 0.88) demonstrate the capability of the CART algorithm in highlighting hierarchical relationships among predictors, while the model’s easy interpretability provides a solid basis for decision making. This methodology can be expanded in other environmental risk analysis studies and applied to any area of the globe on a regional scale.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201039

Biological screening of herbal extracts and essential oil from Plectranthus species: α-amylase and 5-lipoxygenase inhibition and antioxidant and anti-Candida potentials
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Mendonça, Simony Carvalho

; Aazza, Smail

; Carvalho, Alexandre Alves de

; Silva, Diogo Mendes da

; Oliveira, Nelma de Mello Silva

; Pinto, José Eduardo Brasil Pinto

; Bertolucci, Suzan Kelly Vilela

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volume 59 elocation e21117

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The phenolic compound content, the antioxidant and α-amylase inhibition potentials of different extracts of the Plectranthus amboinicus, P. barbatus and P. ornatus were evaluated. We also evaluated the influence of plant growth and harvest time on the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of P. amboinicus, its antioxidant and anti-Candida activities and the α-amylase and lipoxygenase inhibitions. The turbo-extract of P. barbatus showed the greatest phenolic compound content and antioxidant activity. No α-amylase inhibition activity was observed in the analyzed extracts, but the turbo-extraction and refluxing extracts possessed high antioxidant activities. Protected cultivation and morning harvest conditions gave the best antioxidant activities, which was associated to the highest carvacrol content. P. amboinicus EO antioxidant activity could contribute to the reduction of oxidative stress in diabetes. Causal Candida strains of diabetic foot ulcers showed sensitivity to P. amboinicus EO. C. albicans and C. dubliniensis were the most sensitive of the selected Candida strains. Turbo-extracts or refluxing of the three species extracts and the EO of P. amboinicus should be considered as a potential candidate for the management the complications of type 2 diabetes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e21117

Foam mat drying kinetics of jambolan and acerola mixed pulp
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Matos, Joana D’arc P. de

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.

; Moraes, Maria S. de

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Silva, Luis P. F. R. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jul 2022, Volume 26 Nº 7 Páginas 502 - 512

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A acerola e o jambolão são frutos com diversos compostos bioativos de origem fenólica e a composição de um produto elaborado com essas duas matérias-primas se afigura como um alimento com elevado potencial antioxidante e nutracêutico. Diante disso, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a secagem em camada de espuma da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola. Foram elaboradas formulações com a polpa mista, contendo 1,0% de albumina com 0,5% de goma xantana (F1), 0,5% de carboximetilcelulose - CMC (F2) e 0,5% de goma guar (F3), desidratadas a 50, 60, 70 e 80 °C, com espessura da camada de espuma de 0,5 cm. A elevação da temperatura de secagem diminuiu o teor de água e tempo de desidratação das amostras. Os menores tempos de secagem foram obtidos na formulação F3; todos os modelos de secagem resultaram em bons ajustes, com destaque para Midilli. A maior difusividade efetiva foi obtida na formulação F3; a energia de ativação foi maior na combinação da F1. As amostras com albumina-guar (F3) apresentaram maiores entalpia e entropia e as com albumina-xantana (F1) as maiores energias livres de Gibbs. A secagem em camada de espuma é uma forma eficiente de conservação da polpa mista de jambolão e acerola.

ABSTRACT Acerola and jambolan are fruits with several bioactive compounds of phenolic origin and a product made with these two raw materials appears to be a food with high antioxidant and nutraceutical potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the foam mat drying of the mixed pulp of jambolan and acerola. Mixed pulp formulations, containing 1.0% albumin with 0.5% xanthan gum (F1), 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose (F2) and 0.5% guar gum (F3), were dehydrated at 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C, with foam mat thickness of 0.5 cm. The elevation of the drying temperature decreased the water content and dehydration time of the samples. Formulation F3 obtained the shortest drying times; all drying models resulted in good adjustments, especially Midilli. Formulation F3 obtained greater effective diffusivity; the activation energy was higher in the F1 combination. The samples with albumin-guar (F3) showed greater enthalpy and entropy and samples with albumin-xanthan gum (F1) showed the highest Gibbs free energy. Foam mat drying is an efficient way of preserving the jambolan and acerola mixed pulp.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n7p502-512

Anti-Zika Virus Effects, Placenta Protection and Chemical Composition of Passiflora edulis Seeds Ethanolic Extract
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Xavier, Jadriane A.

; Santos, Jaqueline C.

; Nova, Monique A. Vila

; Gonçalves, Camilla M.

; Borbely, Karen S. C.

; Pires, Keyla S. N.

; Santos, Flávia A. R. dos

; Valentim, Iara B.

; Barbosa, Júnia H. P.

; Silva, Felipe C. da

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Pinho, Danielle R.

; Lopes, Norberto P.

; Borbely, Alexandre U.

; Goulart, Marília O. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2022, Volume 33 Nº 7 Páginas 701 - 714

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Various beneficial biological activities have been reported for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), grown in tropical and subtropical regions. However, no study has yet demonstrated its action against the Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-ZIKV of the ethanolic passion fruit seed extract (PFSE), from which, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis allowed to putatively annotate the occurrence of piceatannol, astringin, scirpusin A, scirpusin B, isookanin-7-O-glucoside and naringenin-7-O-glucoside, two quadranguloside derivatives, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. PFSE is well tolerated by cell lines (Vero E6 and HTR-8/SVneo) and tissue explants from the human placenta. With 1- and 24-h treatments, PFSE consistently reduced the viral load and NS1 protein expression of the two strains of ZIKV (MR766 and PE243) in placental explants and cell lines. Thus, PFSE has a promising potential for developing anti-ZIKV treatments, protecting the placenta against infection caused by ZIKV, along with relevant antioxidant potential, represented by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 390.5 Trolox eq per g dry extract and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) of 12.1 µg mL-1, and more than 90% protection from lipid peroxidation. Although further studies need to be conducted, PFSE treatment was safe and effective in trophoblast cells and placental explants, thus representing a promising class of all-accessible products based on the reuse of industrial by-products.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220003

Produção e efeito da germinação em sementes de jaca: caracterização química, física e físico-química
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Silva, Luís P. F. R. da

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. M.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F.

; Campos, Ana Regina N.

; Matos, Joana D. P. de

; Moraes, Maria Suiane de

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Gonçalves, Mailson G.

; Mascarenhas, Nágela M. H.

; Medeiros Neto, Moises S. de

; Rodrigues, Larissa M. S.

; Vieira, Agdylannah F.

; Costa, Zanelli R. T.

; Moura, Rodrigo L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Jun 2022, Volume 45 Nº 1-2 Páginas 51 - 60

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Jackfruit is an exotic fruit present in the Northeast region of Brazil, presenting a great economic potential for the region because of the internal and external commercialization of its fruit. Its seed is rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals and vitamins, and is an alternative source of starch and for food. Germination is an easily accessible, inexpensive technology for the production of sprouts, improving the bioavailability of nutrients in the seed for consumption, such as proteins and bioactive compounds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical, physical and physicochemical parameters of fresh and germinated jackfruit seeds. The germination of jackfruit seeds increased the contents of water, proteins, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and total sugars, in addition to reducing the content of starch, lipids, tannins and the parameters of color, luminosity, red (+ a*) and yellow (+b*) intensities. In relation to the physical properties of the seed, there was an increase in the real specific mass and in the unit mass. For apparent specific mass there was a reduction. Seed germination provided an increase in the levels of magnesium, iron and sodium, consequently reducing potassium, phosphorus, calcium, zinc, copper and manganese.

Resumo A jaca é um fruto exótico presente na região Nordeste do Brasil, apresentando um grande potencial econômico para região em face da comercialização interna e externa do seu fruto. Sua semente é rica em carboidratos, proteína, minerais e vitaminas, constituindo fonte alternativa de amido para alimentação. A germinação é uma tecnologia barata de fácil acesso para produção de brotos, melhorando a biodisponibilidade de nutrientes na semente para o consumo, a exemplo das proteínas e compostos bioativos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros químicos, físicos e físico-químicos das sementes de jaca in natura e germinadas. A germinação das sementes de jaca proporcionou o aumento nos teores de água, proteínas, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos e açúcares totais, além de reduzir os conteúdo de amido, lipídios, taninos e os parâmetros de cor, a luminosidade, intensidade de vermelho (+a*) e de amarelo (+b*). Em relação às propriedades físicas da semente, ocorreu acréscimo na massa específica real e na massa unitária. Para massa específica aparente houve redução. A germinação das sementes proporcionou aumento nos teores de magnésio, ferro e sódio, consequentemente ocorrendo redução de potássio, fósforo, cálcio, zinco, cobre e manganês.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.25988

10.

A narrative review on invasive brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression
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Dandekar, Manoj P.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Rahman, Ziaur

; Silva, Ritele H.

; Nahas, Ziad

; Aaronson, Scott

; Selvaraj, Sudhakar

; Fenoy, Albert J.

; Sanches, Marsal

; Soares, Jair C.

; Riva-Posse, Patricio

; Quevedo, Joao

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Jun 2022, Volume 44 Nº 3 Páginas 317 - 330

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

While most patients with depression respond to pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, about one-third will present treatment resistance to these interventions. For patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), invasive neurostimulation therapies such as vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and epidural cortical stimulation may be considered. We performed a narrative review of the published literature to identify papers discussing clinical studies with invasive neurostimulation therapies for TRD. After a database search and title and abstract screening, relevant English-language articles were analyzed. Vagus nerve stimulation, approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as a TRD treatment, may take several months to show therapeutic benefits, and the average response rate varies from 15.2-83%. Deep brain stimulation studies have shown encouraging results, including rapid response rates (> 30%), despite conflicting findings from randomized controlled trials. Several brain regions, such as the subcallosal-cingulate gyrus, nucleus accumbens, ventral capsule/ventral striatum, anterior limb of the internal capsule, medial-forebrain bundle, lateral habenula, inferior-thalamic peduncle, and the bed-nucleus of the stria terminalis have been identified as key targets for TRD management. Epidural cortical stimulation, an invasive intervention with few reported cases, showed positive results (40-60% response), although more extensive trials are needed to confirm its potential in patients with TRD.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2021-1874

11.

Ablação Septal com Cateteres e Radiofrequência Guiada pela Ecocardiografia para Tratamento de Pacientes com Cardiomiopatia Hipertrófica Obstrutiva: Experiência Inicial
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Valdigem, Bruno P.

; Correia, Edileide B.

; Moreira, Dalmo A. R.

; Bihan, David Le

; Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Francisco

; Abizaid, Alexandre A. Cunha

; Andalaft, Rogério Braga

; Paladino Filho, Antonio Tito

; Silva, Halstead Alarcão Gomes Pereira da

; Viesi, Joao Henrique Zucco

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Mai 2022, Volume 118 Nº 5 Páginas 861 - 872

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamentos A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) pode causar obstrução da via de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (VSVE) e ser responsável pelo surgimento de sintomas limitantes, como cansaço físico. Quando tais sintomas são refratários ao tratamento farmacológico, os tratamentos alternativos intervencionistas podem ser úteis, como a ablação septal por meio da infusão de álcool na artéria coronária ou por meio da miectomia cirúrgica. Recentemente, o uso de cateter de radiofrequência (RF) para ablação do septo endocárdico guiado por mapeamento eletroanatômico mostrou-se eficaz apesar da elevada incidência de bloqueio atrioventricular total. Uma alternativa seria a aplicação de radiofrequência no ponto de início do gradiente septal guiada pelo ecocardiograma transesofágico (ETE). O ecocardiograma é um método de imagem com elevada acurácia para determinação da anatomia septal. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito em longo prazo da ablação septal para alívio do gradiente ventrículo-arterial, utilizando o ETE para auxiliar no posicionamento do cateter na área de maior obstrução septal. Avaliar também os efeitos da ablação na classe funcional e parâmetros ecocardiográficos. Métodos Doze pacientes sintomáticos com obstrução da VSVE, refratários à terapia farmacológica, foram submetidos à ablação endocárdica septal com cateteres com ponta de 8 mm, cujo posicionamento foi orientado na região de maior obstrução com auxílio do ETE. Foram realizadas aplicações de radiofrequência (RF) termocontrolada e escalonadas sobre a área alvo. Após cada aplicação, o gradiente era reavaliado e nova aplicação era realizada de acordo com critério clínico. Foram avaliados os efeitos das aplicações de RF tanto para o gradiente em repouso como para o provocado por meio da manobra de Valsalva, e considerado o gradiente. As diferenças foram significativas quando o valor de p foi menor ou igual a 0,05. Resultados Observou-se que a redução da média dos gradientes máximos obtidos foi de 96,8±34,7 mmHg para 62,7±25,4 mmHg ao final de três meses do procedimento (p=0,0036). Após um ano, a média dos gradientes máximos obtidos foi de 36,1±23,8 mmHg (p=0,0001). O procedimento foi bem tolerado e não houve registro de bloqueio atrioventricular total e nem complicações graves. Conclusão A ablação septal guiada pelo ETE foi eficaz e segura, com resultados mantidos durante o período de seguimento clínico. É uma opção razoável para o tratamento intervencionista da obstrução da VSVE em CMH.

Abstract Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) can cause obstruction in the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), and be responsible for the onset of limiting symptoms, such as tiredness. When such symptoms are refractory to pharmacological treatment, interventionist alternative therapies can be useful, such as septal ablation through the infusion of alcohol in the coronary artery or through myectomy. Recently, the use of a radiofrequency (RF) catheter for endocardial septal ablation guided by electroanatomic mapping has proven to be efficient, despite the high incidence of complete atrioventricular block. An alternative would be the application of RF at the beginning point of the septal gradient guided by the transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). The echocardiography is an imaging method with high accuracy to determine septal anatomy. Objective To assess the long term effect of septal ablation for the relief of ventricular-arterial gradient, using TEE to help place the catheter in the area of larger septal obstruction. Besides, to assess the effects of ablation on the functional class and echocardiographic parameters. Methods Twelve asymptomatic patients, with LVOT obstruction, refractory to pharmacological therapy, underwent endocardial septal ablation with 8mm-tip catheters, whose placement was oriented in the region of larger obstruction, assisted by the TEE. Temperature-controlled and staggered RF applications were performed. After each application, the gradient was reassessed and a new application was performed according to the clinical criterion. The effects of RF applications were assessed both for the gradient at rest and for that provoked by the Valsalva maneuver, and considering the gradient. The differences were significant when p-value was lower than or equal to 0.05. Results It was possible to observe that the mean reduction of the maximum gradients was from 96.8±34.7 mmHg to 62.7±25.4 mmHg three months after the procedure (p=0.0036). After one year, the mean of maximum gradient was 36.1±23.8 mmHg (p=0.0001). The procedure was well tolerated, without records of complete atrioventricular block nor severe complications. Conclusion The TEE-guided septal ablation was efficient and safe, and the results were maintained during the clinical follow-up period. It is a reasonable option for the interventionist treatment of LVOT obstruction in HCM.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20200732

12.

Automation of the measurement of time record in determining the hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil
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Cagna, Camila P.

; Guedes Filho, Osvaldo

; Silva, Alexandre R. C.

; Tormena, Cássio A.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Fev 2022, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 149 - 155

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com esse estudo automatizar a aquisição da variável tempo bem como o cálculo da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado pelo método da carga decrescente usando sensores de água e a plataforma Arduino. Para automatizar a medição da variável tempo, foi utilizado a placa Arduino Uno e instalados dois sensores de nível de água analógico nas alturas inicial (h0) e final (h1). Quando a água flui pelo solo e o nível da água passa pela parte inferior do sensor inicial (h0), o registro do tempo começa; termina quando a água está ausente da altura final do segundo sensor (h1). A equação para cálculo da condutividade hidráulica foi inserida no algoritmo para se ter o cálculo automaticamente. Amostras de solo indeformadas foram coletadas em uma área de plantio direto de longo prazo. Os valores médios do tempo e da condutividade hidráulica não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os permeâmetros. O índice coeficiente de massa residual (CRM) mostrou superestimação da variável tempo, indicando que o permeâmetro automático melhora a precisão da medição do tempo e da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado estimada pelo método da carga decrescente.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to automate the acquisition of water travel time, as well as the computation of hydraulic conductivity of saturated soil by the falling head method, using water sensors and the Arduino platform. To automate the measurement of travel time, the Arduino Uno board was used, and two water sensors were installed at the initial (h0) and final (h1) heights of the water inside the core. When the water flows across the soil and the water level passes the bottom part of the initial sensor (h0), the time recording starts; it ends when the water is absent from the final height of the second sensor (h1). The equation for calculating the hydraulic conductivity was inserted into the algorithm so the calculation was automatic. Undisturbed soil samples were taken in a long-term no-tillage area. There were no significant differences for the time and hydraulic conductivity means between the permeameters. The coefficient of the residual mass index showed an overestimation of the time variable; thus, the automated permeameter improves the precision of time recording and saturated hydraulic conductivity estimated by the falling head method.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n2p149-155

13.

Glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean and corn in Brazil: past, present, and future
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Adegas, Fernando S.

; Correia, Núbia M.

; da Silva, Alexandre F.

; Concenço, Germani

; Gazziero, Dionísio L. P.

; Dalazen, Giliardi

Advances in Weed Science

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2022, Volume 40 Nº spe1 elocation e0202200102

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Glyphosate-Resistant Crops (GR crops) have caused considerable changes in weed management worldwide. In Brazil, GR cultivars of soybean and corn were officially introduced in the 2005/06 and 2011/12 crops, respectively. This technology has radically changed the weed management system, having an enormous impact on national agriculture. The objective of this review was to analyze the general aspects that led to the adoption of this technology in Brazil and present its future consequences and challenges. The adoption of GR soybean and corn was swift and comprehensive. Ten years after its introduction, GR soybean and corn are grown in most areas with these crops in Brazil. This success can be attributed to the reduction of costs, the broad spectrum of control provided by glyphosate, the solution for effective management resistance to ALS and ACCase inhibitors, the excellent managing of weeds that are difficult to control, the reduction of crop injury and carryover problems. However, the exclusive and consecutive use of glyphosate alone resulted in intense selection pressure for resistant weeds to this herbicide, which has become one of the most prominent challenges with these crops. Therefore, the future sustainability of GR soybean and corn will not be possible without the combination with other technologies, within integrated weed management.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2022;40:seventy-five004

14.

Prevalence and force of Plasmodium vivax blood-stage infection and associated clinical malaria burden in the Brazilian Amazon
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Monteiro, Wuelton

; Karl, Stephan

; Kuehn, Andrea

; Almeida, Anne

; White, Michael

; Vitor-Silva, Sheila

; Melo, Gisely

; Brito-Sousa, Jose Diego

; Baia-da-Silva, Djane Clarys

; Silva-Neto, Alexandre Vilhena

; Sampaio, Vanderson

; Bassat, Quique

; Felger, Ingrid

; Mueller, Ivo

; Lacerda, Marcus

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2022, Volume 117 elocation e210330

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Understanding the epidemiology of malaria through the molecular force of the blood-stage infection of Plasmodium vivax (molFOB) may provide a detailed assessment of malaria transmission. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated risk factors and spatial-temporal patterns of incidence of Plasmodium infection and clinical malaria episodes in three peri-urban communities of Manaus, Western Brazilian Amazon. METHODS Monthly samples were collected in a cohort of 1,274 individuals between April 2013 and March 2014. DNA samples were subject to Plasmodium species. molFOB was calculated by counting the number of genotypes observed on each visit, which had not been present in the preceding two visits and adjusting these counts by the respective times-at-risk. FINDINGS Respectively, 77.8% and 97.2% of the population remained free of P. vivax and P. falciparum infection. Expected heterozygosity for P. vivax was 0.69 for MSP1_F3 and 0.86 for MS2. Multiplicity of infection in P. vivax was close to the value of 1. The season was associated with P. vivax positivity [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.6 (1.9-5.7)] and clinical disease [aHR 10.6 (2.4-47.2)]. P. falciparum infection was associated with previous malarial episodes [HR 9.7 (4.5-20.9)]. Subjects who reported possession of a bed net [incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.6 (1.2-2.2)] or previous malaria episodes [IRR 3.0 (2.0-4.5)] were found to have significantly higher P. vivax molFOB. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Overall, P. vivax infection prevailed in the area and infections were mostly observed as monoclonal. Previous malaria episodes were associated with significantly higher P. vivax molFOB.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760210330

15.

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 2. Screening, intervention, and prevention
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; da S. Leite, Verônica

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Robis, Kelly P.

; Fidalgo, Thiago M.

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Out 2021, Volume 43 Nº 5 Páginas 538 - 549

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This article continues our presentation of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of patients with suicidal behavior, with a focus on screening, intervention, postvention, prevention, and promotion. For the development of these guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and SciELO databases for research published from 1997 to 2020. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and cohort/observational studies on screening, intervention, and prevention in suicidal behavior were included. This project involved 14 Brazilian psychiatry professionals and 1 psychologist selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. Publications were evaluated according to the 2011 Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence Classification. Eighty-five articles were reviewed (of 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts on the drug approach). Forms of screening, intervention, and prevention are presented. The intervention section presents evidence for psychotherapeutic and drug interventions. For the latter, it is important to remember that each medication is effective only for specific groups and should not replace treatment protocols. We maintain our recommendation for the use of universal screening plus intervention. Although the various studies differ in terms of the populations evaluated and several proposals are presented, there is already significant evidence for certain interventions. Suicidal behavior can be analyzed by evidence-based medicine protocols. Currently, the best strategy is to combine several techniques through the Safety Plan. Nevertheless, further research on the topic is needed to elucidate some approaches with particular potential for intervention and prevention. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1108 363 downloads

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